- malate
- An intermediate molecule in the citric acid cycle, product of fumarate and water.
- matrix
- In the mitochondria, the matrix is a space between the inner membranes.
- membrane
- A semi-permeable lipid bilayer that separates cellular spaces and environments. Embedded molecules control the movement of substrates through the membrane and interactions between different environments.
- mitochondria (singular mitochondrion)
- Organelles in cells that produce cellular energy.
- mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
- Distinct from nucleur DNA, mtDNA codes for proteins necessary for energy production. mtDNA is inherited through the mother as paternal mtDNA in the sperm is destroyed after fertilization.